![]() ![]() We’ll not get into the debate between delegation and inheritance or decide which is better. You simply can’t do everything by yourself, so when you can – delegate. If you’ve ever had a group of friends help you move house you fully understand the importance of delegation. In addition, encapsulation also has the added benefit of easing the testing and maintenance of code and several Java design patterns make effective use of it. An example of fully encapsulated classes are Java Beans. In Java, encapsulation can be implemented by keeping class variables and methods private by default and providing access to them via public getter and setter methods. This is achieved through encapsulation – a virtual capsule for data and code within the class itself. No less important than the efficiency of your coding is the protection of data stored in fields within classes from system-wide access. ![]() When a child class overrides the method of its parent, method overriding occurs. The various methods, though identical in name, are differentiated by the number, order, and types of their parameters. When various methods with the same name are present in a single class, method overloading takes place. In Java, polymorphism is implemented with method overloading and method overriding. The use of a common interface allows for easier and faster integration of new requirements or features without manual changes across the codebase. As polymorphism literally means having one thing take many forms, it allows for a single common interface to be used for a general class of actions. PolymorphismĪnother OOP principle for reuse and efficiency is polymorphism that favors the use of a common interface instead of concrete implementation. Such consolidation makes for code that is easier to read and maintain. In addition to helping avoid repetition, abstraction aims to “hide” internal implementation details. In Java this means using interfaces and abstract classes that do more than save you keystrokes. You can avoid repetition by using abstraction, one of the four core principles of OOP. To elaborate, it is stated as “Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.”Īs you probably know, one of Java’s main strengths is its efficiency in reusing code and resources, and this principle is just one of several to reflect that. Valid not only for Java, OOP or even programming, the DRY principle means simply “don’t repeat yourself”. I will only write this once: repetition is ineffective. I f you’re a seasoned senior developer, this collection of the top 10 core Java software design concepts will be a wonderful reminder of what is important to remember. If you’re kinda new to Java, this short introduction to the most important core concepts of Java (and OOP in general) can serve as a great cheat-sheet on your path to more efficient and effective coding. Note that some of the below concepts are relevant not just for Java but for most object oriented languages. The second is a result of gained experience combined with a firm grasp of the design principles and conventions that make for efficient applications and code that is easier to maintain. The first is something anyone with access to the Internet can have in quite a short time. There’s quite a difference between learning the core OOP principles of Java and being a good Java developer. How? By understanding that proficiency in the syntax and a nerdy shirt are not the only things you need to be a Java great developer. ![]() However, the ancient giant is not showing signs of retreat, and fortunately, Java is a rather gentle giant if you befriend it. Some try to build upon Java, attempting to create an alternative (like Scala and Kotlin) for certain use cases, such as android development. However you spin it, Java still offers flexibility, scalability and continues to power some of the most complex computing systems in the world. Java is the oldest programming language that continues to grow in applicability. ![]()
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